How to write research papers in English
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Course sections
Section 1
Section
1
Who should attend the course
2
Kill two birds with one shot
3
Important points with regard to the course
4
Research paper vs. thesis/dissertation
5
Two key components of any research
6
Old day lab report
7
Types of academic papers
Section 2
Section
1
Introduction to step one: Find your topic or research question(s)
2
Topic or research question(s)
3
Narrow down your topic and raise some relevant questions
4
Start your research project with a narrower topic
5
Criteria for topic selection
6
Keep in mind when using these approaches
7
How to find topic or research question(s)
8
Consult other people (professors, sponsors, peers, etc.)
9
Research priorities (organizations, institutes, themes of conferences, etc.)
10
Replication
11
Limitation of the earlier studies
12
De-limitations of previous studies
13
Need & Curiosity
14
Controversy
15
Information gaps
16
Real-life problems
17
Creative researcher
18
Triangulation
19
Focus on topic selection
20
Which approach is the best
21
What is the best topic
22
Conclusion to selecting topics/research questions & Good luck
Section 3
Section
1
Select your target journal(s)/conference(s)
2
The dual objectives of selecting target journal/conference before writing the paper
3
Why to select journal/conference before writing it?
4
What will you learn in this course?
5
How to find journals or conferences
6
Googling
7
Consult experts like professors
8
Reference list of books, conference proceedings, articles, etc.
9
Final remarks on approaches to finding your target journals or conferences
10
Which questions I will answer in this course
11
Why such a long list of criteria
12
Two groups of criteria
13
List of criteria
14
The 1st criterion: Abstracting & indexing
15
The 2nd criterion: Quantitative indexes
16
Problems of quantitative indexes
17
The 3rd criterion: Age
18
The 4th criterion: To have lower frequency
19
The 5th criterion: To be peer-reviewed
20
The 6th criterion: Review policy
21
The 7th criterion: To have specialized readership
22
The 8th criterion: To have larger circulation
23
The 9th criterion: The number of received papers
24
The 10th criterion: The number of accepted papers
25
The 11th criterion: To have lower acceptance rate
26
The 12th criterion: To have famous editor-in-chief & editorial board
27
The 13th criterion: Affiliation with a prestigious organization
28
The 14th criterion: To be open-access
29
The 15th criterion: Visibility in multiple computerized databases
30
The 16th criterion: To be often quoted over time
31
The 17th criterion: To be often-quoted recently
32
The 18th criterion: To have a higher ranking
33
The 19th criterion: To have specialized (narrower) scope
34
The 20th criterion: Internationality
35
The 21st criterion: Theoretical or technical
36
The 22nd criterion: Time from submission to decision
37
The 23rd criterion: Time from the decision to publication
38
The 24th criterion: Correction and retraction history
39
The 25th criterion: Authors
40
The 26th criterion: Reference style
41
The 27th criterion: Paper length limit
42
The 28th criterion: Language of publication
43
The 29th criterion: Module of publication
44
The 30th criterion: Submission fee
45
The 31st criterion: Publication fee
46
The 32nd criterion: Subscription fee
47
The 33rd criterion: Titles of other papers published by that specific journal/conference
48
The 34th criterion: Embargo period
49
The 35th criterion: Aim and scope of the journal/conference
50
The 36th criterion: The number of hot papers
51
The 37th criterion: Match with your title
52
The 38th criterion: No call-for-paper policy
53
The 39th criterion: Type of paper it publishes
54
The 40th criterion: To have an official website
55
Conclusion to journal/conference selection
Section 4
Section
1
FOURTH STEP
2
Differences between proposal, thesis/dissertation, and paper
3
Generic Features
4
Textual Elements Most Commonly Used within Different Sections of Research
5
100 verbs that make your research writing amazing
6
Describing the scope of a current project or prior research
7
Outlining a topic’s background
8
Describing the analytical elements of a paper
9
Discussing results
10
Discussing methods
11
Explaining the impact of new research
12
Possible citation verbs to use in literature review
13
Academic word list
14
The importance of structure
15
Topping, IMRaD, and Tailing
16
IMRaD answers which questions
17
Wineglass or hourglass model for IMRaD structure
18
Separate or mixed sections
19
IMRaD (Introduction)
20
IMRaD (Methods)
21
IMRaD (Results)
22
IMRaD (Discussion)
23
Steps to organizing manuscript
24
Length of the manuscript
25
Major sections
26
Minor sections
Section 5
Section
1
Title: introduction
2
Purposes of title
3
Importance of title
4
Characteristics of good title
5
How to write a title: Moves and steps
6
Title: Do's
7
Title: Don'ts
8
Unnecessary phrases
9
Rewrite title
10
Title: Checklist
Section 6
Section
1
Abstract
2
Abstract: Introduction
3
Abstract: Definition
4
Abstract: Purpose
5
Abstract: Importance
6
Abstract: Moves & Steps
7
Types: Structured vs. unstructured
8
Steps to Writing an Effective Abstract
9
Abstract: Components
10
Abstract: Do's
11
Abstract: Don'ts
12
Abstract: Features
13
Abstract: Common mistakes
14
Abstract: Conclusion
15
Sample abstract 1
16
Sample abstract 2
17
Sample abstract 3
Section 7
Section
1
Introduction: Introduction
2
What to claim
3
What an introduction usually contains
4
How to write: Moves and steps
5
CARS model 1
6
CARS model 2
7
CARS model 3
8
CARS model 4
9
Statement of the problem
10
Significance of the study
11
Definition of key terms
12
Research hypotheses & questions
13
Statement of purpose
14
Paper, thesis and dissertation structure
15
Introduction: Do's
16
Introduction: Don'ts
17
Introduction: Checklist
Section 8
Section
1
LR: Introduction
2
Features of LR
3
Importance of LR
4
LR: Moves & Steps
5
Organization of LR
6
Useful phrases in LR
7
Most common mistakes in LR
8
LR: Do's
9
LR: Checklist
Section 9
Section
1
Methodology
2
Methodology: Introduction
3
Methodology: Moves & Steps
4
What to include in Methodology
5
Describing the characteristics of the sample
6
Indicating reasons for sample characteristics
7
Describing the procedure: Infinitive of purpose
8
Describing the procedure: Typical verbs in the passive form
9
Describing the procedure: Sequence words and phrases
10
Describing the procedure: Adverbs of manner
11
Describing the procedure: using instrument
12
Describing the procedure: Giving detailed information
13
Explain new methodology in detail; otherwise name the method and cite the previously published work
14
Giving reasons of adopting or rejecting a particular method
15
Methodology: Do's
16
Methodology: Don'ts
Section 10
Section
1
Results
2
Introduction to Results/Findings
3
Results/Findings: Moves & Steps
4
Reference to aim or method
5
Highlighting significant data in a table or chart
6
Statements of positive result
7
Statements of negative result
8
Highlighting significant, interesting, or surprising results
9
Reporting results from questionnaires and interviews
10
Observations about qualitative data
11
Summary and transition
12
Results/Findings: Do's
13
Results/Findings: Don'ts
14
Results/Findings: Concluding remarks
Section 11
Section
1
Discussion
2
Discussion: Introduction
3
Discussion: Moves & Steps
4
Discussion: What to include
5
Reference to literature or to research aim/question
6
Statements of result
7
Reference to previous research: Support
8
Reference to previous research: Contradict
9
Explanations for results
10
Devices that distance the author from a proposition
11
Advising cautious interpretation
12
Being cautious when explaining results
13
Suggesting general hypotheses
14
Noting implications
15
Commenting on findings
16
Unexpected outcome
17
Suggestions for future work
18
Discussion: Common mistakes
19
Discussion: Features
20
Discussion: Do's
21
Discussion: Don'ts
Section 12
Section
1
Conclusion section
2
Conclusion: Introduction
3
Conclusion: What to include
4
Conclusion: Moves & Steps
5
Restatement of aims
6
Summarizing research findings
7
Significance of the findings or research contribution
8
Significance of the findings with a qualification
9
Recommendations for further research work
10
Implications or recommendations for practice or policy
11
Identifying a study’s weakness
12
Devices for avoiding over-generalization
13
Being cautious when discussing implications or recommendations
14
Advising cautious interpretation of findings
15
Limitations & delimitations
16
Suggestions for further research
17
Implications & applications
Section 13
Section
1
Acknowledgments
2
Biodata
3
Suggestions for further research
4
Implications & applications
5
Conclusion: Common mistakes
Section 14
Section
1
Good Luck
Section 15
Section
Section
Googling
